石油石化绿色低碳

针对高含水期油田注水系统井筒完整性退化、管网腐蚀严重及水驱效率不足等共性难题，以X作业区为典型研究对象，通过注水井诊断与系统优化，提出并实施针对性治理技术方案。创新构建了适用于高矿化度(≥50 000 mg/L)工况的“电磁探伤+玻璃钢内衬油管”井筒完整性恢复技术体系，研发了“电诱导序进气浮瞬态除垢”复合采出水处理工艺，并建立基于剩余强度分析的注水管网智能预警方法。对全区219口注水井开展井筒完整性评估，识别出结垢井170口、腐蚀井189口(其中严重腐蚀井65口)；对597条、总长397.7 km的注水管网进行剩余强度评估，识别出159条高风险老旧管线；通过改造8套水处理装置和优化3座注水站运行参数，构建了差异化注水调控方案。结果表明，治理后半年水井检串频次同比下降27.6%，系统负载率由44.7%优化至35.3%，采出水处理达标率提升至95.1%。然而，受CO₂与高矿化度水协同腐蚀影响，CO₂注气站负载率仍高达77.7%，与41座腐蚀阀组共同构成当前主要治理瓶颈。建议采用DN65-25MPa柔性复合管优先实施4.3 km高危管线更换，推广电磁探伤与玻璃钢内衬油管技术，并建立基于物联网的智能预警系统。该研究为高矿化度油田注水开发、实现老油田高效挖潜提供了借鉴。

To address the common technical challenges in waterflooding systems during high water-cut periods, such as poor wellbore integrity, severe pipeline corrosion, and low waterflooding efficiency, this study focuses on the X operation area. Through comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and systematic optimization of water injection wells, this study proposes targeted remediation measures designed to improve current waterflood performance in the target reservoir. The study innovatively develops a wellbore management system combining electromagnetic inspection(EMAT) with glass-reinforced epoxy(GRE)-lined tubing for high-salinity(≥50 000 mg/L) conditions, creates an integrated "electro-induced sequential air flotation transient descaling" water treatment process, and establishes a smart pipeline early-warning method based on residual strength analysis. This study adopts on-site inspections to evaluate the wellbore integrity of 219 injection wells in the target area. The results reveal 170 scaling wells and 189 corroded wells, including 65 severely corroded wells. Residual strength analysis is conducted on 597 injection pipelines with a total length of 397.7 km, identifying 159 high-risk aging pipelines. By retrofitting 8 water treatment units and optimizing operational parameters at 3 injection stations, a differentiated waterflooding control strategy is developed. Post-treatment results show a 27.6% reduction in wellbore failure rates, a decrease in system load rate from 44.7% to 35.3%, and an improvement in produced water treatment compliance to 95.1%. However, CO₂ injection stations and 41 severely corroded valve assemblies still require focused remediation. Recommend prioritizing the replacement of 4.3 km high-risk pipelines with DN65-25 MPa flexible composite pipes, promoting electromagnetic inspection and GRE-lined tubing technology, and establishing an IoT-based intelligent early warning system. This study provides a valuable reference for waterflood development in high-salinity oilfields, offering actionable strategies to enhance recovery in mature reservoirs.